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Tuesday, November 22, 2016

Why I am not lining up

I am done doing my bit if it means standing in queue.


Since standing in a queue has become the test of patriotism, here is my attempt, dear prime minister, to set the record straight.
At the outset, let me admit I haven’t stood in a queue for cash since November 8. I admit I am among the kind who deputed someone else. I confess I haven’t gone without food either, the last of my family’s scrapped currency went into treating ourselves to a bottle of Blender’s Pride.
That’s not to give people ideas, sir, but while chemists may be sending people away, liquor outlets are not turning any money down.
Getting back to the point, sir, the first time I stood in a queue on my own, without parents doing the legwork, was for admission to Delhi University. It isn’t the best of seasons to be out in the Delhi heat, sir, and we stood in several lines stretching onto the road, only to be told at the small window through which four people thrust their hands together inside, to hand in papers: “It is lunch time”. I confess, sir, that we often stomped out cursing, sat on the sidewalk (when we still sat on sidewalks), spoke about a revolution, and headed straight to the American Centre for university prospectuses.
Our whole college life was about queuing up and waiting, sir. For classes, forms, professors, marksheets, and especially for the rare DTC bus, on broken seats at shelters needing repair. The standing didn’t end with the bus, sir, as you might appreciate, and often involved men pushing against us. I must confess, sir, I may have raced to get a seat ahead of others on the bus, even flashed a victorious smile when I got one.
The first freedom from queues came after 1991, sir, when even with a little money, a world of choices opened before us. We chose not to line up if we could, with the next store, the next restaurant, the next job, the new private buses on offer. I admit, sir, I started questioning the virtue made of “small sacrifices” then. So at the bank where I had an account — all hard-earned money, I assure you — we were thrilled when they devised a system of giving numbers so that we didn’t have to spend the day in queue.
However, phones remained a luxury, and one of my longest-lasting queues was for a landline. The wait for a phone then was long, and longer if it broke down. So one day, my sister and I went to Nehru Place, one of those places, sir, you hopefully will never encounter, barged into an officer’s room and stood there till our work was done.
My other encounter with bureaucracy and queues was at the passport office, where I once queued for six hours and almost got crushed in the stampede at the counter. Yes, that happens, sir. Sometimes queues end in stampedes.
You would well remember, sir, the time before mobile phones, when one had to make what they dubbed a “trunk call”. At the lone phone booth near where I stayed in JNU, I lined up every other night to call my parents in Chennai. It’s a strange place, JNU — you should try it sometimes, sir. As young men played basketball nearby, I never felt uneasy heading out alone at night. However, as the operator’s voice warned about fast-depleting money, and people pressed against the phone booth door looked on impatiently, I couldn’t help but be short with my mother at times, sir. So when you talked about grateful mothers at old age homes giving their blessings to you as their sons had deposited some money in their accounts after the demonetisation, I thought long and hard, sir. About that mother.
The last time I stood in a queue of any consequence was for my children’s admission in nursery school. Standing with the form, in lines stretching out once again onto the road, trying to sneak a look at the papers in the hands of other parents, I never wondered at the absurdity of it. This was one queue which we all accepted without question. I wonder what you think of that, sir.
I don’t stand in lines any more, not by choice anyway. I Uber, I Paytm, I Google, I Amazon, I Kindle, I ATM. The few times I have to stand in a queue, of no size at all, I admit, I almost always pick up a fight with people trying to jump the line. Oh yes, there is that peril too, sir, about queues. Many will jump the line. I wasn’t sure what to call such people. But now, sir, you have told me what they all are: Blackmarketeers.
So no, sir, I won’t stand in a line anymore. I am done doing my bit.
shalini.langer@expressindia.com
Source: Indian Express, 22-11-2016

Lessons from a disaster


A railway network that caters to about seven billion passenger trips a year poses extraordinary management challenges, the most important of which is to ensure that all journeys end safely. The derailment of the Indore-Patna Express in Kanpur Dehat, with the death toll at least 146, is a stark reminder that India’s strained railway system can be unpredictably risky. The distress of the families of passengers who died and those left injured can never be fully compensated by the announcement of ex-gratia compensation by the Railway Ministry, the Prime Minister’s Office and State governments; at the same time, confidence in the system has suffered a severe blow. The Ministry, which has recorded an average of 50 derailments a year over the past four years and a peak of 63, needs to engage in a sustained effort to win back public confidence. There are several elements to safety, of which the integrity of the tracks, signalling, engines and coaches need to be rigorously audited. Internal investigations by the Commissioners of Railway Safety have found human error to be responsible for 70 per cent of serious rail accidents, which underscores the importance of training and adherence to strict operational discipline. In the Patna Express accident, the focus is on whether there were flaws in the track, the speed at which the late-running train was being driven, and the role played by coach design in leading to high fatalities.
Millions of people board a train in India every day. They need an assurance from the Ministry that it is learning from its mistakes. Specialist committees headed by Anil Kakodkar on safety and Bibek Debroy on restructuring have recommended major reforms, such as the creation of a statutory safety authority, speedy replacement of ageing coaches with modern LHB design, and revamped management that keeps its focus on core train operations. In his budget this year, Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu promised that all zonal railways would have ultrasound flaw detection machines by March 2017 to test track quality. It is important to know whether such a test was done on the Indore-Kanpur-Patna route. After an accident it is the quality of medical facilities that determines a victim’s chances of survival. Many terrible mishaps occur in rural areas that have no hospital facilities worth the name, no trauma specialists or intensive care. Upgrading district hospitals should be a priority. More immediately, the Railway Ministry should ensure that bureaucratic procedures do not come in the way of victims getting the best treatment and aid.
Source: The Hindu, 22-11-2016

CBSE UGC NET July 2016 results declared, check them here

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) on Monday declared the University Grants Commission’s (UGC) National Eligibility Test (NET) July 2016 results on itsofficial website .
The examination was held on July 10 at 88 cities across the country, while in Srinagar it was held on August 28.
Steps to check Results:
1) Visit the official website
2) Click on the link for ‘UGC NET July Examination Result 2016’ in the current events section on the left side of the page
3) Enter roll number and date of birth
5) Click on submit
6) Result will be displayed on the screen

Source: Hindustan Times, 21-11-2016
Humility and Grace


Humility is a rare virtue. We need to cultivate it. Humility means living with the sense that we are all part of Creation.When we recognise that all are interconnected, we begin to act in a humble manner towards others. When we get rid of our ego, pride and vanity disappear. We no longer hurt anyone.We realise that we are just humble recipients at God's door, and even those gifts that distinguish us from one another are but gifts from the Lord.By realising God's love, we develop humility . Then we see God's hand in everything. We recognise that God is the moving force. When we develop humility of spirit, we no longer suffer from pride -of wealth, position, knowledge or power.
One way to cultivate humility is through meditation. As we come in contact with the light and sound of God within, we radiate love, humility and peace. We want to serve others selflessly. We become like a lighthouse in the stormy sea of life.When boats try to find their way during a storm in the ocean, they always look towards the lighthouse. Once we see the light of God within and we realise that we are a part of divinity , we stand like a lighthouse, giving strength to others.
As we are filled with this outpouring of love from God, we find that it brings stillness into our lives. The state of happiness and bliss not only lasts during the time we meditate, but continues even when we come out of meditation. This state brings about tremendous changes for the better in our day-to-day life and has positive influence on life around us.
The Conscious And Unconscious Mind


The human mind is divided into two parts: the conscious and the unconscious. These are integral parts of every individual mind, whether male or female. The conscious mind is that part of the mind which deals with everything that is within the realm of our awareness, whereas the unconscious mind deals with all those thoughts which the individual is unaware of but which nevertheless influence his behaviour.The human body is a highly complex organism. In it, there are numerous functions at play at all times, such as seeing, hearing, digestion, respiration and different kinds of movements.Almost all these functions are governed by the unconscious mind. Little effort is required on the part of the conscious mind for all these bodily activities to function smoothly .
The conscious mind, with its unlimited capacity for thinking and analysing facts, is an exceptionally important part of our personality . But if, according to the divine plan of creation, so much is placed in the charge of the unconscious mind, what is the role of the conscious mind? The conscious mind is free to involve itself largely in the great quest for truth, the prime goal of every human being.
Truth is the reality of life.We must try to know the secret of life, the purpose, the real goal of life, to know what is right or wrong, what is good for the individual and what is good for society .
The answers to these questions are not written on a mountainside. It is our duty to discover all these things in order to gain knowledge of the truth. Since to know truth is so important, the Creator has consigned our bodily affairs to the unconscious mind. Now, a person, or his conscious mind, is completely free to discover all these truths of life.
Often, people live in a state of frustration. Tension and stress are the greatest psychological diseases in our present world. The reason lies in people's failure to find the truth.
Everyone is a seeker by nature, but everyone lives his life without knowing its real purpose. As a result of the ensuing sense of aimlessness, people live in a state of confusion, full of contradictions. They yearn to find something without knowing what it is. A tension-free mind is one that can function positively despite contrariety . People work, but find no job satisfaction. They earn money but experience no inner satisfaction. They live by the formula: enjoy life! But they don't know what real enjoyment is. It is a paradoxical situation. Everyone is living in this state of self-contradiction.
This is a self-created problem. When the Creator has given you a mind and made you free to use your mind, you should make use of this opportunity .Activate your thinking capacity.Discover reality . Read what is hidden in nature in an unwritten form. This is the only way to extract yourself from this psychological chaos.
The consciousness of truth is interwoven in your nature; it is very easy , therefore, to discover the truth.The only condition is to shun distraction, to follow the well-known principle of simple living and high thinking. If you want to save yourself from going astray , activate your thinking faculty . Think, think and think! You will surely reach the gates of truth.

Monday, November 21, 2016

Economic and Political Weekly: Table of Contents

Vol. 51, Issue No. 47, 19 Nov, 2016

Editorials

From 50 Years Ago

Law and Society

Commentary

Caste and Class

Review Article

Special Articles

Insight

Notes

Current Statistics

Postscript

Letters

Appointments/Programmes/Announcements

Web Exclusives

Jobs vs Wages

Three faultlines in wages sabotage private formal job creation. Demonetisation will undo some damage.

Two events that trigger the most predictable, irrelevant and frenzied media circus around jobs are the application numbers for a government recruitment advertisement and small moves in the official unemployment rate. Both are irrelevant; India doesn’t have a jobs problem but a wages problem. Our official unemployment rate of 5 per cent is not a fudge and anybody who wants a job has one; they just don’t get the wages they want or need. The creation of high-paying private sector jobs is being murdered by three faultlines in wages: Government vs private, nominal vs real, and gross vs net.
Why? Because we estimate that almost 85 per cent of the 30 lakh applicants with PhDs, degrees, etc for government peon posts in Uttarakhand recently already had a job (they were chasing above market wages with the additional upside of an employment contract that is marriage without divorce). Because we know that a child equates a salary of Rs 4,000 per month in Gwalior with Rs 18,000 in Mumbai (the difference in not salary but cost of living reimbursement for rehna, khaana and office jaana). Because we know that applicants in job fairs make decisions on haath waali salary rather than chitthi waali salary (there is a 45 per cent difference between gross and net wages for poor-value-for-money statutory deductions). Let’s look at each faultline in a little more detail.
One, government vs private wages. People at the top of the government get paid too little but people at the bottom of the government get paid too much. Unfortunately people at the bottom are 85 per cent of the numbers and greatly distort the labour market because Class 3 and 4 employees get paid more than 200 per cent of their private sector counterparts for the same job not including low performance accountability and high job security. The huge number of government job applications is not people running away from insecure low-paying private sector jobs but people running towards overly secure high-paying government jobs. Government employment should be public service with reasonable wages; not a rigged rate like LIBOR that distorts the market.
Two, nominal vs real wages. Since we cannot take jobs to people in the short run, we need to take people to jobs. But the migration to cities is being retarded by the huge mispricing of land that directly affects living, eating and commuting costs in India’s few job magnets (we only have 50 cities with more than a million people versus China’s 375). The economic wastelands of Mumbai, Delhi, Chandigarh can’t compete with job magnets like Gachibowli, Mohali, Gurgaon and Bangalore because the new clusters combine an infinite supply of mixed use commercial and residential real estate (happiness economists suggest that commute time is a key component of happiness).
Three, gross vs net wages. A monthly salary of Rs 15,000 per month in a cost-to-company salary world only ends up as a Rs 8,000 bank credit because employers are required to make mandatory deductions of 45 per cent of salary for poor value programmes like provident fund, ESI, LWF, EPS, and much else. Government data suggests that workers with annual incomes of Rs 1.8 lakh do not have any saving and cannot live on less than half their salary; consequently they prefer working for the informal sector where haath waali salary is equal to chitthi waali salary.
These faultlines murder high-paying formal private jobs and we need three regulatory interventions: Faster urbanisation, lower regulatory cholesterol, and broader human capital. Faster urbanisation means an increase to the number of Indian cities with more than a million people from 50 to 200; bad urbanisation is better than no urbanisation but high quality urbanisation like having real mayors, robust city finances, etc could create the virtuous cycle of higher formalisation, higher productivity and higher wages.
Making bribing a core capability for builders has been bad for formal job creation and labour migration and demonetisation will bring down land prices, accelerate construction, and raise labour mobility. Land was the most inefficient and unfair of the three factor markets of land, labour and capital and demonetisation is a wonderful intervention. Lower regulatory cholesterol for job creation is important because most of our workers work in low-productivity enterprises that are not productive enough to pay the wage premium; our 6.3 crore enterprises only translate to 18,000 companies with a paid-up capital of more than Rs 10 crore. Human capital is key; neglecting primary school education for decades after Independence is a mistake being amplified by the new world of work that disproportionately values reading, writing, arithmetic and soft skills.
As the long-term plans for formalisation, urbanisation and human capital yield results, it’s time for a time-bound monitoring on three overdue and impactful interventions in regulatory cholesterol by the ministry of labour. First, we must overrule its self-serving case for an Establishment Number and replace the 27 different numbers issued to every employer with a single Universal Enterprise Number. Second, we must set a date for 100 per cent paperless, presenceless, and cashless compliance for all state and Central labour laws. Second, we must end the shameful stonewalling of the ministry of labour of the provident fund and ESI reforms announced in the budget by making employee contribution to the provident fund voluntary and creating competition for ESI and EPFO by allowing employees to choose alternatives like NPS and health insurance.
Recent youth unrest — the idealisation of Burhan Wani by Kashmiris and the reservation agitations by Patels, Jats, Gujjars — have roots not in a job emergency but a formal job emergency. Gandhiji said the difference between what we do and what we are capable of doing would suffice to solve our problems. Time to remind the ministry of labour.
The writer is chairman, Teamlease Services
Source: Indian Express, 21-11-2016