One Planet Summit

 

What is One Planet summit?

The One Planet summit is an international event that focused on biodiversity to mobilize commitments to protect the ecosystems and make links to human health.

What is the aim of One Planet summit?

The One Planet Summit aims to promote worldwide ecological transformation. The summit will measure environmental and climate protection combined with innovation and economy.

What is the theme of One Planet Summit, 2021?

Let’s act together for nature

Who organizes One Planet Summit?

United Nations, World Bank and France.

Why is One Planet Summit important?

The COVID-19 has reminded the importance of nature for our daily lives and economies. It is highly challenging to reverse trend set by the pandemic. The One Planet Summit will help to transform the value chains, consumption habits and business models.

With the global economic powers like the United States withdrawing from Paris Agreement, it is important for international organizations act swiftly. The One Planet Summit will help the world in this direction.

When was the first One Planet Summit held?

2017. The first One Planet Summit was organised two years since the historic Paris Agreement. It then adopted twelve international commitments. They are as follows:

• Responding to the Extreme Events in Island states
• Protecting land and water against climate change
• Mobilizing researchers and young people to work for the climate
• Public procurement and access for local government to green financing
• Zero emission targets
• Sectoral shifts towards a decarbonized economy
• Zero-pollution transport
• Work towards a carbon price compatible with the Paris Agreement
• Anchoring climate issues at the centre of decisions of financial actors
• International mobilization of development banks
• Commitment by sovereign funds
• Mobilizing institutional investors

What is Insect Apocalypse?

 The entomologists from all over the world attended the proceedings of National Academies of Sciences recently. According to the entomologists, the insect population is declining at rapid rate. The scientists have named this as Insect Apocalypse.

What is Insect Apocalypse?

The Earth is losing 2% of its insects every year. This is being termed as “Insect Apocalypse”.

What are the main reasons for the Insect Apocalypse?

The main reasons of Insect Apocalypse are as follows:

• Insecticides
• Climate Change
• Light Pollution
• Herbicides
• Invasive Species
• Changes in land use
• Intensive agriculture

Which two insects best illustrate insect decline?

Honey Bees and Butterflies.

What are the main reasons for the decline of honey bees?

Lack of food, insecticides, herbicides and parasites.

How bad is insect decline?

Insect decline is the worst in North America and in parts of Europe. The first Global Scientific review published in the Biological conservation journal has found the following:

• A third of the insect species have become endangered.
• More than 40% of insect species have declined.
• The rate of extinction of insects is eight times faster than that of birds, mammals and reptiles.
• At the rate of insect apocalypse, insects could vanish within a century.

Why are insects important?

Insects outweigh humanity by seventeen times. They are essential for the proper functioning of the ecosystem as pollinators, food for other creatures and as recyclers of nutrients.

When was the insect decline discussed internationally for the first time?

The United Nations Conference of Parties to the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS COP-13) discussed the effects of insects decline on migratory species for the first time. According to the Convention on Migratory Species, insect extinction is to begin. A draft resolution was prepared at the convention. The resolution will help understand die off of the insects and its effects on migratory species.

Swami Vivekananda’s thought is as relevant to India’s future as it was in its past

 Swami Vivekananda is the inspiration behind National Youth Day. In just 39 years, 14 of which were in public life, he filled the country with a thought whose energy is still felt today. Generations to come will continue to feel this energy.

One of India’s most important resources is the youth. Every fifth young person in the world is an Indian. It is due to this segment of the population that India’s growth rate has been the third-highest among the 13 major economies in the last five years. After the COVID-19 pandemic, India has emerged as a country that is full of possibilities in the race for development. Those among the youth who are associated with Swami Vivekananda’s ideas are preparing India for a leadership role on the world stage.

“Arise, awake and stop not till the goal is reached.” This mantra of Vivekananda’s is as effective, relevant and inspiring today as it was in the days of colonialism. Now, India is ready to be a global leader. With the power of yoga and the energy that comes from spirituality, the youth of the country are impatient about giving direction to the world.

Swami Vivekananda’s lessons still inspire the youth: “Make a life’s aim and incorporate that idea into your life…. Think that thought over and over again. Dream it, Live it… that is the secret to being successful.”

His mantra for the youth is evergreen: “Until you can trust yourself, you cannot trust Allah or God.” If we are not able to see God in other humans and ourselves, then where can we go to find divinity?

Vivekananda caught the world’s attention with his ideas when he represented Sanatan Dharma in Chicago in 1893. A speech like the one he made then could not be made today. The themes in that speech included “Vishwabandhutva”, tolerance, cooperativeness, participation, religion, culture, nation, nationalism and the collective India-Indianness.

At the Parliament of World religions, Vivekananda said he is “from that Hindustan, which gives shelter to persecuted people from all religions and countries”. He also said that Sanatan Dharma is the mother of all religions. He was also proud that the land of India and the Sanatani religion had taught the world the lesson of tolerance and universal acceptance. It is the nature of the Indian soil to accept all religions as true. We were the first laboratory and protector of secularism.

He addressed the Parliament of World Religions as: “American brothers and sisters”. The eternal message of universal brotherhood was clear in his speech. The New York Herald wrote: “Hearing him (Swami Vivekananda) seems that sending a Christian missionary to a knowledgeable nation like India is foolish. Even if he only passes through the stage, the applause starts.”

Swami Vivekananda took forward the efforts made by other thinkers to reach the roots of Indian culture. This thinking makes him acceptable worldwide and establishes him as the spokesperson of Sanatan Dharma, a symbol of Hindustan and Hindustani culture. His inclusive thinking is reflected in the Narendra Modi government’s slogan “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas”.

Swami Vivekananda taught the world that it is our duty to encourage all those doing good so that they can make their dreams come true.

His vision also gave rise to the idea of Antyodaya. Until the upliftment of the last poor person in the country is ensured, development is meaningless, he said.

Swami Vivekananda’s belief about God is tied to every religion. His idea of charity is at the root of Sanatan Dharma. Charity was a way of life for him. For Vivekananda it was important to connect everyone with this way of life. He said, “The more we come to help and help others, the more pure our heart becomes. Such people are like God.”

Swami Vivekananda combined thinking of different religions, communities and traditions. His thoughts inspire liberation from inertia. This is the reason Swami Vivekananda has no opponent in this country. Everyone bows to his ideas. In the 19th century, the spokesperson of Sanatani religion, who was called the “Cyclonic Hindu” due to his views, is still standing firmly on the world stage with his positive thinking. His ideas remain fresh and relevant.

Source: Indian Express, 13/01/21

Data can be an asset for governance, growth and public welfare

 Data is a critical component for measurable and actionable governance and policy perspectives, as well as for triggering innovation and growth. Data to enhance ease of living and efficiency has been addressed through several Government of India initiatives, including the Jan Dhan-Aadhaar-Mobile or JAM trinity, the Open Government Data Platform of India, and the National Judicial Data Grid.

The report by the Committee of Experts on Non-Personal Data Governance Framework, led by the ministry of electronics and information technology (NPD Report), and the Data Empowerment and Protection Architecture (DEPA) paper released by NITI Aayog have built on the concept of data’s benefits. Data as a beneficial good is also covered in the Economic Survey 2019, which proposed that data gathered by governments on issues of social interest ought to be democratised in the interest of social welfare, or made a public good.

The DEPA paper states how the architecture “flows from the Centre’s overarching position that data is primarily an economic good”. Its key goal is empowering individuals with control over their personal data, through a robust and dynamic regulatory, legislative, and institutional framework, supported by technology design for secure data-sharing. DEPA involves regulators across banking, securities, insurance, and pensions — namely, RBI, SEBI, IRDAI, PFRDA and the ministry of finance coming together.The DEPA platform’s availability as a public good allows market players across the financial and technology ecosystems as well as new entrepreneurs to have the chance to leverage and build on this digital platform. As the paper states, the problem is not that companies are benefiting from the data of individuals; the problem is that individuals and small firms do not benefit. The consent process of DEPA merits special mention, since it takes care of many of the potential concerns.

Data, especially non-personal data, is a vital component for elevating transparency and good governance. The NPD Reportemphasises its importance from a public good perspective. At the intersection of big data and good governance, access to current big data sets also helps provide opportunities to quickly address issues in new technology-led solutions. The report lucidly sets out the “why” and to a large extent, the “how” to accomplish maximum benefit, with enough flexibility within, to accommodate and dynamically adjust to the ground realities from the legal, regulatory, and design principle components. When weighing the risks and rewards of using big data sets for good governance, what needs to remain contextual is that adequate protections are being afforded to the community and individuals. The utility of raw/factual data sets comprising anonymised user information data that is collected is also crucial. The data sharing purpose is extremely relevant for policy on governance.

The recommendation that India should specify a new class of data at a national level, namely data of special public interest or high-value datasets, while also progressively identifying other priority sectors is important. Also insightful is the emphasis on the need for high quality India-relevant data sets in public good sectors to build on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning systems. Meta-data-sharing too will spur innovation on an unprecedented scale and also promote and encourage the development of domestic industry and startups that can scale their data businesses.

To ensure optimum governance outcomes, access to and utilisation of big data is going to be key. This will benefit Indian society from an ease of living perspective. It will also spur the overall achievement of ease of doing business along with world-leading innovation in India. This is what is contemplated by both DEPA and at a more macro-level, the NPD framework. These are important initiatives in this rapidly evolving landscape.

Amitabh Kant is CEO and Desh Gaurav Sekhri Is OSD, NITI Aayog

Source: Hindustan Times, 12/01/21

Quote of the Day January 12, 2021

 

“A house is not a home unless it contains food and fire for the mind as well as the body.”
Benjamin Franklin

“एक मकान तब तक घर नहीं बनता जब तक उसमे मस्तिष्क और शरीर दोनों के लिए भोजन और अग्नि न हो।”
बेंजामिन फ्रैंकलिन

What is Vanadium?

 The Geological Survey of India has found promising concentrations of Vanadium in the Tamang and Depo areas of Arunachal Pradesh.

What are the new explorations of Vanadium in India?

According to Geological Survey of India, the Vanadium mineralisation is geologically similar to the “Stone Coal” Vanadium deposits of China. The GSI has discovered about seven metre thick carbonaceous phyllite for a length of more than six kilo metres in Depo area. Vanadium was also found in Subansiri district for a length of 15.5 km and thickness of 7 metres.

What is Vanadium?

Vanadium is a by-product obtained from the processing of Vanadiferous magnetite ores. In its pure form, Vanadium is soft, ductile and grey in colour.

How much Vanadium reserves does India hold?

According to Indian Bureau of Mines, the total estimated reserves of Vanadium in India is around 24.63 million tonnes. Of this, the estimated Vanadium Pentoxide is 64,594 tonnes.

What is the Vanadium consumption of India?

India consumes 3,360 metric tonnes of vanadium annually. This is 4% of Vanadium consumed by the world. Globally, 84,000 tonnes of Vanadium is consumed annually.

What is the Vanadium production and consumption in China?

China consumes 44% of world Vanadium production. And China produces 57% of the world Vanadium.

What are the characteristics of Vanadium?

Vanadium alloys are durable in extreme environments. They are corrosion resistant. They improve tensile strength of steel and reinforce steel bars used for tunnels, buildings and bridges. Their atomic number is 23.

What are the major applications of Vanadium?

• The Vanadium Pentoxide is used as a catalyst in the production of Sulphuric acid.
• 85% of the Vanadium produced in the world are used as steel additive. Vanadium steel is used in gears, bicycle frames, axles and other critical components.
• Vanadium Dioxide is used in production of glass coatings that blocks infrared radiation.

National Youth Parliament

 

When was the first National Youth Parliament held?

The first National Youth Parliament was held in 2019 under the theme “be the voice of new India and find solutions and contribute to policy”.

Why is the National youth parliament organised?

The National Youth Parliament is organised to hear the voice of the youth between the age of 18 and 25 years.

Why is National Youth Parliament held on January 12?

It is held on January 12 to commemorate the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda. Also, the Government of India celebrates the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda as National Youth Day.

How is the National youth parliament held?

It is held at three levels. They are district youth parliament at district level, state youth parliament at state level, National youth parliament at National level.

What is the importance of National Youth parliament?

The National Youth Parliament will encourage the youth of the country to engage and understand the public issues in the view of a common man and form opinion and express them in an articulate manner. Their strong voices will be captured and documented to make them available to policymakers and implementers to take it forward.

Who organises the National Youth parliament?

The National Service Scheme operating under Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.

What is National Service Scheme?

The National Service Scheme (NSS) is a central government scheme. It provides opportunity to students of class 11 and 12, graduate and postgraduate students at colleges and Universities to participate in various government alert community services.

What is the objective of National Service Scheme?

The main objective of the scheme is to provide hands on experience to young students in delivering community service.

When was the National Service Scheme started?

1969.