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Tuesday, February 09, 2021

Award-winning Assamese film bridges understanding about the annual deluge

 A little after day break, they stood waist-deep in water, balancing their cameras — and themselves — against the push and pull of the mighty Brahmaputra. At many points, they nearly slipped and fell, at the mercy of the mercurial river. But they called it a day only seven long hours later — for that is how long it took director Kripal Kalita to get what he wanted: a two-minute-clip that had his main characters, two children, guide their epileptic mother through an inundated field. “It was risky, but worth it,” Kalita says, “To make a movie on the floods, you have to truly experience it, you have to live it.”

And that is what Kalita’s debut feature film Bridge, which bagged the ‘Special Mention’ award, at the International Film Festival of India (IFFFI) in Goa last month – is about: living with — and overcoming — the Assam floods.

Kalita is no stranger to the annual tragedy, the baan in Assamese. “One day, you have your home, your family, your animals, your land— and the next day you may have nothing,” he says.While Kalita can speak from experience (having grown up in Niz Defeli, a small low-lying village in Baksa’s Tamulpur Circle), it is not his story, but several news reports he has read over the years that make up Bridge. “At the end of 2017, I read about a girl who, worried about her future, asked the local MLA to build a small bridge in their village. Another time, I saw heart-breaking visuals of kids wading their way to school, books and clothes bundled up on their heads,” Kalita recalls.

Incidents like this are so frequent in Assam during the floods that they are rarely surprising for the locals. But not Kalita. Starting December 2017, he worked on building the character of Jonaki (played by Shiva Rani Kalita), the 17-year-old protagonist of his film, her life loosely based on such true incidents. “Her father is swept away by the waters, her mother falls ill and the burden of taking care of her little brother falls on her shoulders,” says Kalita, “At 17, she builds a house, ploughs the fields, takes care of her brother and her ailing mother. In many ways, her story could be the story of many young girls in Assam.”

But the film is not just about the weight that pulls you down, but also the ability of humans to stay afloat — “After all, life must go on,” Kalita says. And that is one of the key takeaways from Bridge, a film centred around a demand of the local populace for a bridge over the little tributary, whose waters cut them off every monsoon. “While a seemingly physical demand, the bridge can be metaphorical too,” says Kalita, “The floods don’t just cut you off from the rest of the world, but it also snaps relationships, ambitions and dreams.”

Kalita’s crew started filming in May 2018. And the schedule lasted 14 months, primarily in the flood-ravaged districts of Upper Assam, including Dhemaji, Golaghat, Lakhimpur and Tinsukia. “My aim was to make it as real as possible,” says the 43-year-old filmmaker and theatre actor, who was trained under noted Manipuri theatre personality, Heisnam Kanhailal. “Our story is set across all seasons, so we actually made it a point to shoot it like that — in shine, in thunder, in rain.”

The 89-minute-long Assamese language film, which is now making its rounds in the film festival circuit, has no background score, no make up on actors. “I made the actors live in the village for three months, plough the fields, walk in the mud — it had to be as authentic as possible,” says Kalita, “As authentic as what we face every year.”

“If it’s one thing that is pulling Assam down — it’s the floods. And a lack of solution to the problem,” says Kalita, “And mind you, this is something we have lived with for centuries. Even Sukapha, the founder of the Ahom dynasty, was compelled to change his capital multiple times because of the floods.”

That said, it is important to remember that floods are something Assam — through which the Brahmaputra flows — has to live with.

Just like Kalita’s characters do in the film. In one poignant scene, the brother, angry at all the river has taken from his young life, shouts in rage, “I will bury this river, it has destroyed our home, killed our father, spoilt our sister’s wedding.”

But his sister gently tells him that the river had bred civilisation, given them food and water, and enabled them to farm their lands. “It can never be our enemy,” she says.

Source: Indian Express, 6/02/21

IGNOU offers online certificate course in environmental impact assessment, apply at SWAYAM

 The Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) launched a certificate course in environmental impact assessment which will be available via the SWAYAM platform. The 12-weeks course deals with steps involved for developmental activities in environmental impact assessment (EIA). Interested candidates can apply at swayam.gov.in/IGNOU.

The course provides an understanding of environmental impact assessment of water resources development; to assess the major challenges to sustainable environmental systems from water resources development perspectives, and to identify major environmental issues that need to be considered in sustainable water resources planning and development.

It will cover topics like- basic concepts of environmental impact assessment, environmental appraisal, measurement of EIA, comprehensive environmental impact studies, air quality impact analysis and water quality impact analysis, socio-economic impact analysis, noise impact analysis, energy impact analysis and vegetation and wildlife impact analysis, environmental siting, impact assessment methods, life cycle assessment, regulations in India.

The course will be conducted by Prof B Rupini, Dr Sushmitha Baskar, School of Inter-Disciplinary and Trans-Disciplinary Studies.At present, 105 courses are being offered through the SWAYAM portal by the university. Meanwhile, IGNOU has also launched series of online courses. Recently, the university launched a new certificate course in environmental, occupational hazards through open and distance mode. The programme is for six months’ duration and students who have cleared class 12 can apply for the course.

Source: Indian Express, 8/02/21

Reconsider the Seventh Schedule

 A thorough legislative appraisal of the Seventh Schedule to keep pace with changing fiscal priorities is overdue. An expansion of the Concurrent List, for instance, could be considered. But this must be managed democratically and consultatively, while keeping the spirit of federalism intact.

The sharing of financial resources between the Union and states, and inter se, among states, is key in any federal democracy. The Constitution, through Article 280 to 281, provides for a unique mechanism in the form of finance commissions for devolution of resources. The final report of the 15th Finance Commission (2021-26) is now public. The first thing most states, for whom the finance commission award is a lifeline, look to is the devolution formula. This has been maintained at 41%, which is a slight downward adjustment because of the creation of two new Union Territories.

Each successive finance commission has offered unique recommendations. The 10th Finance Commission, for instance, suggested all central taxes be shared with the states. The 14th Finance Commission was a watershed, having increased the share of states in net proceeds of Union tax revenues to 42% from 32%. There are many forward-looking recommendations of the 15th Finance Commission too. But beyond the report, there is one suggestion articulated by its chairman, NK Singh, that stands out. In an interview, he somewhat provocatively asked if the Seventh Schedule has outlived its utility. This newspaper, like Mr Singh, believes it has.

The Seventh Schedule divides subjects under the exclusive domain of the Union, states and common Centre-state jurisdiction, classifying them into the Union, State and Concurrent List. Over time, the Union has transgressed into subjects assigned to states for various reasons, including the fact some of these are national priorities and the Centre has obligations going beyond the Schedule. Subjects such as employment and education, for instance, are under the domain of states. Yet, India has justiciable legislation on employment (the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme) and education (the Right to Education Act), to name a few. The advent of centrally sponsored schemes has necessitated central outlays in other areas, falling within the State List such as agriculture. A thorough legislative appraisal of the Seventh Schedule to keep pace with changing fiscal priorities is overdue. An expansion of the Concurrent List, for instance, could be considered. But this must be managed democratically and consultatively, while keeping the spirit of federalism intact. It must not become an exercise in greater power-accumulation by the Centre, but an exercise in greater burden-sharing. States will be more willing to come on board only if financial obligations are more evenly shouldered.

Source: Hindustan Times, 6/02/21

Monday, February 08, 2021

Quote of the Day

 

“Life isn't about finding yourself. Life is about creating yourself.”
George Bernard Shaw
“जीवन अपने आपको खोजने के बारे में नहीं है। जीवन अपना निर्माण स्वयं करने के बारे में है।”
जॉर्ज बर्नार्ड शॉ

Ladakh to get India’s first Geothermal Power Project

 

Highlights

  • This decision was taken because, Puga village was identified as the hotspot of geothermal energy by the scientists.
  • The project will be completed in four phases.
  • A tripartite Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to establish and implement the first phase was signed on 6th February, 2021 between ONGC Energy; LAHDC, Leh and the Power Department of UT Ladakh
  • This geothermal project is known as Geothermal Field Development Project.
  • It will be commission by the end of 2022.

First phase of project

  • The first phase of the project will result into the generation of one megawatt (MW) power.
  • In the first phase, the pilot project will be implemented by the ONGC-OEC.
  • ONGC-OEC will explore within the depth of 500 metres.
  • Under the first phase, it was planned that 24 hours free power supply would be given to 10 neighbouring villages which are not connected with the northern grid to get the power.

Second Phase of the project

  • In the second phase, deeper and lateral exploration of geothermal reservoirs will be done by drilling the optimal number of wells.
  • Under this phase, higher capacity demo plant will also be set up in Ladakh.
  • This phase of the project will be the Research and Development stage or demonstration of the project.

Third phase of the project

  • Under the third phase, joint ventures and commercial projects will be promoted.

Puga Village

In the Puga Village, scientists have discovered a potential of more than 100 mw of geothermal energies. It lies in the south-eastern part of Ladakh. The village is a part of the Himalayan geothermal belt. The region has shown the evidence of geothermal activity in various form including the mud pools, hot springs, sulphur deposits and borax deposits. The talk of the potential geothermal project in the Puja Village has been into news since 2008. The region has the potential to produce about 40% of the energy requirements.

First Thunderstorm Research Testbed of India

 

Objective of testbed

The Thunderstorm Research Testbed is being established with the objective to minimalize the human fatalities and loss of property because of the lightning strikes.

Highlights

  • This announcement was made by the Director-General of India Meteorological Department, Dr Mrutyunjay Mohapatra.
  • He also announced that a Monsoon Testbed will also be set up near Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh. The monsoon testbed would also be first-of-its-kind.
  • Both of these projects are in the planning stage.

Thunderstorm testbed

  • The Thunderstorm testbed will be established in a collaboration among the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and India Meteorological Department (IMD).
  • All of these organisations have established their units in Balasore.
  • The observatories will be set up to cater to the adjoining areas.
  • The testbed would be conducting the studies on thunderstorms.
  • The testbed will comprise of several observational networks, radar, auto-station, a full-fledged observatory, a wind profiler and a microwave radiometer.

What is the need of testbed?

Many lives are lost in Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal, and Jharkhand because of lightning strikes during the months of April to June every year. On an average, more than 350 people are killed in Odisha because of lightning strikes. As per a report, in the span of nine years (till 2020), 3218 people have died due to lightning. Thus, there is a need to set up the testbed to predict the thunderstorm and save life.

India Meteorological Department (IMD)

IMD was established in the year 1875. It is an agency which is responsible for weather forecasting, meteorological observations, and seismology. The agency works under the Ministry of Earth Sciences. The headquarter of IMD is in Delhi.

Who is Dr Mrutyunjay Mohapatra?

He is currently serving as the Director-General of India Meteorological Department. He is often nick-named as ‘Cyclone Man of India’ because of his accurate prediction of cyclones in Indian subcontinent

Current Affairs – February 08, 2021

 

INDIA

Glacial burst hits Chamoli district of Uttarakhand

Seven persons were killed and over 125 are missing after a “glacial burst” on Nanda Devi triggered an avalanche and caused flash floods in Rishiganga and Dhauliganga rivers in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand. The flash flood in Rishiganga river washed away the Rishiganga small hydro project of 13.2 MW. It also damaged the NTPC’s 520 MW NTPC Tapovan-Vishnugad hydro project on the river Dhauliganga.

PM inaugurates, lays foundation stone infrastructure projects in West Bengal

Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his visit to Haldia, West Bengal and dedicated to the nation the LPG import terminal, 348 km Dobhi – Durgapur Natural Gas Pipeline section, which is part of the Pradhan Mantri Urja Ganga project. He also laid the foundation stone of the second Catalytic Dewaxing unit of Haldia Refinery and dedicated to the nation the 4 Lane ROB-cum-Flyover at Ranichak, Haldia on NH 41.

Assam: PM launches ‘Asom Mala’ to improve highways and district roads

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on February 7, 2021 laid the foundation stone of two medical colleges at Biswanath and Charaideo in Assam and launched ‘Asom Mala’, a programme to improve state highways and major district roads, at Dhekiajuli in Sonitpur District.

India’s 1st geothermal field development project to be set up in Leh

A tripartite agreement for establishing India’s first-ever geothermal field development project in Leh was signed between Union Territory Administration Ladakh, Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council (LAHDC)-Leh and Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) Energy Centre.

Centre to induct more private sector specialists in govt departments

Centre has decided to induct more private sector specialists into different government departments at the crucial decision-making level of Joint Secretaries and Directors. Talented and motivated Indian nationals willing to contribute towards nation building are being invited to join the government at the level of Joint Secretary on contract basis in the Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare.

Govt to rename 1,063 residential schools, hostels after Netaji

The Education Ministry has decided to name the residential schools (383) and hostels (680) funded under the Samagra Shiksha Scheme as “Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose residential schools. Ministry of Education under Samagra Shiksha provides financial assistance to States and UTs for opening and running the residential schools and hostel to ensure the schooling facilities in areas that are sparsely populated with a low density of population (mostly tribal areas) where the opening of schools may not be viable and for children in urban areas who are in need of care and protection.

Indian documentary wins award at Sundance Film Festival in US

‘Writing with Fire’, an Indian documentary film chronicling the rise of Khabar Lahariya, has won the audience award in the World Cinema Documentary category at Sundance Film Festival 2021. It is India’s only newspaper run by Dalit women. The festival was organised from January 28 to February 3, 20201 by US-based Sundance Organisation.

Road connecting Indian border with several areas of Nepal inaugurated

With grant assistance from India, Nepal on February 2, 2021 inaugurated a road connecting the Indian border with several areas of the Himalayan nation. Indian government has provided financial assistance of NRs 44.48 million for the road, which connects the Indian border with Nepal’s Laxmipur, Balara and Gadhiaya areas.

Hindi theatre director Bansi Kaul dies at 71

Hindi theatre director Padma Shri Bansi Kaul passed away at the age of 71 in New Delhi on February 6, 2021. He founded Rang Vidushak, a theatre group and theatre institute, in Bhopal (MP) in 1984. He was awarded Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1995 and Padma Shri in 2014.

3 Assam youth launch TikTok-like video app TipTeapi

Saswati Kotoky, Amarjyoti Gautam and Himanga Madhukalya, three computer engineers from Assam, launched a video playing and sharing app called TipTeapi in Jorhat on February 6, 2021 that they hope would be India’s answer to the banned Chinese TikTok. The free app could be downloaded from Google Playstore.

Economy & Corporate

NCAER’s Business Confidence Index shows improvement

The Business Confidence Index (BCI) developed by the Delhi-based economic think tank NCAER (National Council of Applied Economic Research) rose 29.6 per cent between second and third quarter of the current financial year on the back of rollout of COVID-19 vaccines in different countries, including India.

World

UAE’s unmanned space probe “Al-Amal” nears Mars

The first Arab interplanetary mission is expected to reach Mars’ orbit on February 9, 2021. The unmanned space probe — named “Al-Amal”, Arabic for “Hope” — blasted off from Japan in 2020, marking the next step in the United Arab Emirates’ ambitious space programme.

International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation observed

International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation was observed on February 6, 2021 with its theme as: ‘No Time for Global Inaction, Unite, Fund, and Act to End Female Genital Mutilation’. UN General Assembly designated February 6th as the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation in 2012, with the aim to amplify and direct the efforts on the elimination of this practice.

Sports

Russia ATP Cup tennis tournament in Melbourne

A relentless Russia crushed Italy 2-0 in the final to win the ATP Cup at the Rod Laver Arena in Melbourne on February 7, 2021 with Daniil Medvedev and Andrey Rublev winning their matches. Rublev destroyed Fabio Fognini 6-1, 6-2 in just 61 minutes before Medvedev overpowered Matteo Berrettini 6-4, 6-2 in 79 minutes.

Former India Davis Cup tennis team coach Akhtar Ali dies at 81

Former India tennis coach Akhtar Ali died at the age of 81 in Kolkata. He represented India in Davis Cup between 1958 and 1964. Akhtar also won National squash championship in 1968.  He was National tennis team coach from 1966 to 1993. Under his guidance, the Indian team — comprising Krishnan, Mukerjea, Premjit Lall and S.P. Misra — reached the Davis Cup final in 1966. India repeated the feat in 1974 with the team featuring Vijay and Anand Amritraj, Shashi Menon and Jasjit Singh. Akhtar was conferred the Arjuna Award in 2000 for his lifetime contribution to tennis.

Leon Spinks, former world heavyweight boxing champion, dies at 67

Leon Spinks, who won Olympic gold and then shocked the boxing world by beating Muhammad Ali to win the heavyweight boxing title in only his eighth pro fight, died in US on February 5, 2021. He was 67. Spinks beat Ali by decision in a 15-round fight in 1978 to win the title.

Ex-West Indies fast bowler Ezra Moseley dies at 63

Former West Indies fast bowler Ezra Moseley has died after his bicycle was hit by a car. He was 63 years old. Moseley played two Tests in 1990 and also nine ODIs between 1990 and 1991. He was banned following the rebel tour of South Africa in 1982-83.