“Your problem is never really your problem; your reaction to your problem is your problem.”
Brian Kinsey
“आपकी समस्या वास्तविकता में कभी भी आपकी समस्या नहीं होती है, आपकी समस्या के प्रति आपकी प्रतिक्रिया आपकी समस्या होती है।”
ब्राइन किन्से
Monday, June 06, 2022
Quote of the Day June 6, 2022
Current Affairs-June 6, 2022
INDIA
– PM launches Global initiative ‘Lifestyle for Environment (LiFE) Movement; Calls for human centric and collective efforts that further sustainable development
– India achieves 10% ethanol blending target in petrol ahead of schedule: PM
– President Ram Nath Kovind inaugurates Sant Kabir Academy and Research Centre at Sant Kabir Nagar in UP
– Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare and Chemicals and Fertilizers Mansukh Mandaviya inaugurates National Food Laboratory of FSSAI at Raxaul in Bihar
– Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to ban single-use plastic from July
– NGT (at Sant Kabir Nagar) orders West Bengal govt to close all hotels, restaurants in Buxa Tiger Reserve in two months
– 12 killed in boiler blast at chemical factory in UP’s Hapur district
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– Appointments Committee of Cabinet clears 3 names to head three public sector banks: A Manimekhalai: MD & CEO at Union Bank of India; Ajay Kumar Srivastava: MD & Indian Overseas Bank and Swarup Kumar Saha: MD and CEO of Punjab & Sind Bank
WORLD
– Three astronauts enter China’s space station module called Tianhe after successful launch from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre
– Bangladesh: 35 killed, over 450 injured in fire at chemical container depot in Chittagong
– World Environment Day celebrated on June 5; this year’s campaign: #OnlyOneEarth
– International Day for the Fight against Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing observed on June 5
SPORTS
– French Open tennis: Spain’s Rafael Nadal defeats Norway’s Casper Ruud in final to win men’s singles title
Current Affairs-June 5, 2022
NDIA
– President Ram Nath Kovind attends Centenary Celebrations of Gita Press in Gorakhpur (UP)
– Tourism Ministry launches National Strategy for Sustainable Tourism and Responsible Traveller Campaign
– Rajasthan becomes 2nd state after Gujarat to join Save Soil programme launched by Sadhguru, Founder of Isha Foundation
– India delivers 3.3 tons of essential medical supplies to Sri Lanka
– About 13,000 lives saved under ‘Farishtey Dilli Ke’ scheme to help accident victims so far: CM Arvind Kejriwal
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– Tata Projects wins bid to build Noida International Airport at Jewar in UP
WORLD
– Turkey changes its official name at the UN to Turkiye
– International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression observed on June 4
– China blocks moves to step up protection of emperor penguins in Antarctica
– US state of New York passes world’s first ‘right to repair’ law for digital electronics
SPORTS
– Khelo India Youth Games 2021 inaugurated in Panchkula, Haryana
– ISSF World Cup Rifle/Pistol/Shotgun in Baku, Azerbaijan: Swapnil Kusale and Ashi Chouksey win gold in 50m rifle 3 positions (3P) mixed team event
– Sakshi Malik, Divya Kakran, Mansi Ahlawat win gold medals at Bolat Turlykhanov Cup wrestling in Kazakhstan
– French Open tennis: Iga Swiatek of Poland wins Women’s Singles Title
Satyendranath Bose
Satyendranath Bose (1894-1974) was an Indian Physicist best known for his role in particle Physics. He was born in Calcutta; he was the eldest of the 7 children of his father Surendranath Bose. Bose was a specialist in mathematical physics. A fellow of the Royal Society, Bose was awarded Padma Vibhushan in 1954, incidentally, the Padma Vibhushan was awarded for the first time in 1954 only.
Bose never received a doctorate nor was he awarded a Nobel Prize. He is largely forgotten and Nobel Committee has recognized all other scientists that did work on the concept, whose historic father was Satyendra Nath Bose.
Contribution to Indian Science
- Meghnad Saha was his classmate and J C Bose as his teacher. In 1921, he joined the then newly created Dacca University as Reader in Physics. While teaching, he wrote a paper for deriving the Planck’s Law. His paper was titled ‘Planck’s Law and Light Quantum Hypothesis.‘
- In 1900, Max Planck had explained in the theory of black body radiation that light is emitted in discrete amounts (quanta) rather than as a continuous wave. But his derivation of this formula was not satisfactory to other scientists, in fact even to himself. Later, Albert Einstein explained the photoelectric effect based on Planck’s quanta as photons in 1905 in a paper. Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for this paper, not for his papers on Relativity!
- However, many of his colleagues were not fully convinced of his yet-to-be-developed photon theory. Under these circumstances, Bose re-sent the paper to Albert Einstein in June 1924, with a fervent appeal for his perusal. Einstein immediately recognised the significance of this paper. This paper was going to substantiate and revolutionise his theory of photoelectric effect. Einstein himself translated Bose’s paper into German and sent it to Zeitschrift für Physik with his endorsement for publication. With his demigod status, Einstein’s words carried much weight. It was promptly published, and immediately Bose shot into prominence.
- After this, Einstein personally invited Bose to work with him, and their efforts culminated in the Bose-Einstein statistics, an important and seminal phenomenon in quantum physics. His work was wholeheartedly supported and appreciated by the leading lights in quantum theory, such as Louise de Broglie, Erwin Schroedinger, Paul Dirac and Heisenburg.
- In honour of Bose’, Paul Dirac coined the word ‘Boson’ for those particles which obey Bose’s statistics. In atomic theory, only Fermions (named after Enrico Fermi) and Bosons were named after physicists.
CUET 2022: Important tips and tricks to ace the entrance exam
The Common University Entrance Test (CUET) is a pan-India prestigious examination which is conducted every year by the National Testing Agency (NTA). CUET is conducted for various undergraduate, post-graduate programmes in all the participating institutes of India. Candidates aiming to study in central universities of India have to mandatorily appear for CUET.
With CUET just around the corner, here are some tips and guidelines for the candidates to get the best possible score that they can. If you are appearing for the CUET next year, we have some additional tips for you as well.
— Be thorough with the syllabus and pattern of the examination: This year, the revamped version of CUCET (CUET) has become the new gateway to various prestigious institutions in our country and the exam is being conducted for the first time on such a large scale. For the candidates appearing this year, you should be familiar with the syllabus by now, which is basically the NCERT-issued class 12 textbooks. Your focus should be to cover as many topics as possible for the papers you are appearing for. Candidates who are appearing next year have the time to go through the syllabus and familiarise themselves with the pattern of the examination.
— Have a plan or routine: Candidates should prepare a plan on how to revise the subjects, chapters or topics for the upcoming exam in July. You should no longer focus on studying a new topic from the basics. Since you have already appeared for your boards, your focus should be on practicing questions and test papers.
If you are not appearing this year, then this would be the ideal time for you to prepare a detailed plan on how you would want to study simultaneously for your boards and CUET. Do remember that the syllabus of CUET will be the same as the board examination syllabus, only the type of questions will be different. For this, you must get yourself accustomed to the type of questions that will be asked in the exam. Your board preparation will be crucial to building the fundamental concepts of your subjects. The additional preparation for CUET will focus on time management, improving efficiency, and bridging the gaps.
— Strategise your preparation: Current year candidates should focus solely on solving questions, spotting weaknesses, bridging the gap between the board and the CUET syllabus, efficiently managing their time and thoroughly acing the pattern of the examination. Next year candidates will have the advantage of getting the question papers, question types and other resources, once CUET is conducted this year. Take time to research on the exam, and then prepare a strategy on how to tackle the subjects.
— Use the correct resources: Candidates appearing for CUET next month must note that time is pacing fast. While there is no need to panic, your preparation will deal with test papers, online crash courses and timed mock tests. Concentrate on making yourself strong in the fundamentals of your subjects, quick thinking, and time management. Candidates appearing next year can study the books, especially the NCERT books (available on the NCERT website or the E-pathshala website) and take the help of additional resources, like past years’ question papers and reference books to prepare comprehensively for CUET.
— Practice: There is no alternative to this advice. Revise with your short notes and practice with objective questions and answers for CUET. Those appearing next year can start practicing with subjective tests, slowly and steadily proceed towards objective tests.
— Stay updated: Candidates who have selected or will be selecting the General Knowledge section will need to have a good understanding of world events. Get hold of reliable current affairs books and go through them regularly. You will be familiar with many of the events and for those you are not familiar with, you can jot them down in a notebook. If you are planning on long-term preparation, keep yourself updated through newspapers, online news sources, encyclopedias and other resources.
— Brush up on quantitative and analytical skills: Those who plan to appear for the Section III general test will need to brush up on basic quantitative and analytical skills. Get a list of basic formulae from class 6 to 10 and commit them to memory. Practice analytical skills with test papers of various exams, such as the GRE, SAT, Bank examinations, etc. The method to tackle this part would be same for both current and future candidates. These problems are best tackled through repeated practice.
— Look after your mental and physical health: This is the most important part of your preparation strategy. You are more important as a human than just a number in a huge list of candidates. All the students who are appearing for CUET this year would have faced tremendous difficulties and would probably be exhausted by now. Take a breath and remember that CUET or any examination for that matter, is not a make-or-break deal. There are several ways you can achieve your goals, and you are just getting started with life. Eat healthy, sleep well, spend time with your family and friends and exercise daily. Take the help of counsellors or other resources if you feel mentally exhausted.
Venkat Phanikiran
Source: Indian Express, 5/06/22
How barcodes differ from radio-frequency identification tags
Baggage tags equipped with radio-frequency identification (RFID) will soon be available at Delhi’s Indira Gandhi International Airport, marking a first of its kind for the country.
What is RFID technology? What’s the difference between RFID and a barcode? Is RFID is enhanced version of barcode? The Indian Express explains:
What is Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology?
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that uses radio waves to automatically identify various tagged objects. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a wireless tracking method that uses tags and readers to track objects. Transponder, receiver, and transmitter are the three components of an RFID system.
The RFID reader continually sends radio waves of a specific frequency in RFID system. If the object to which the RFID tag is attached is within the range of the radio waves, it provides feedback to the RFID reader, which then identifies the object based on the feedback.
What are the different kinds of RFID?
Passive tags, semi-passive tags, and active tags are the three types of RFID tags that are commercially available.
There is no power supply for passive tags. They acquire their power from the readers’ incoming radio waves.
Semi-passive tags comprise an internal circuit with a power source, but rely on the radio waves received from the reader to transmit the response.
The internal circuit of active tags is powered by a power source.
Passive RFID tags do not have a battery and are powered by the reader.
Batteries are being used to power active RFID tags. It also utilises its own power supply to send the response to the reader.
The Low Frequency, High Frequency, and Ultra-High Frequency bands are used by RFID systems.
What is a barcode?
A barcode is a printed series of parallel bars or lines of varying width used for entering data into a computer system. The bars are black on a white background and vary in width and quantity depending on the application. The bars represent the binary digits zero and one, which represent the digits zero to nine processed by a digital computer. These barcodes are scanned using special optical scanners known as barcode readers, which come in a variety of shapes and sizes. The majority of these codes use only two different widths of bars, however some use four. The numbers that make up a barcode are also printe
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology Vs barcodes
RFID uses radio waves to communicate data from RFID chips to readers that do not require line of sight in order to obtain the data, whereas barcodes use light to read the black-and-white pattern printed on the sticky tag. An RFID tag can communicate with a powered reader even when the tag is not powered.
When printed on paper or sticky labels, barcodes are more susceptible to wear and breakage, which can affect their readability. RFID tags, on the other hand, are sometimes placed in plastic labels or into the object itself, making them more durable than barcodes.
In contrast to barcode scanners, RFID scanners can process dozens of tags in a single second. Also, barcodes are simple and easy to copy or counterfeit, whereas RFID is more complicated and difficult to replicate or counterfeit.
Unlike barcodes, which must in line of sight, RFID tags need not be.
Also, RFID tags are expensive compared to barcodes.d at the bottom. One of the most well-known examples of a barcode is the QR code.
Is RFID enhanced version of barcode?
Since their introduction in the 1970s, barcodes have become an indispensable part of commercial activity on a daily basis, whether in grocery stores or at airports.
When it comes to speed, there is a noticeable difference between barcodes and RFID. This is because barcodes must be read manually, making them more susceptible to human error and more difficult to evaluate their accuracy.
However, RFID’s accuracy may be compromised if the tags are applied to metals or liquid. Since RFID frequencies can be transmitted over greater distances than barcode frequencies, there is also concern that RFID technology raises data protection issues, resulting in personal information becoming accessible without consent.
When deciding whether to use barcodes or RFID, it is important to consider the purpose, the environment, and the potential costs of an application.
Written by Priya Kumari Shukla
Source: Indian Express, 3/06/22
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