World Toilet Day: India needs one toilet every two seconds to achieve target by 2019

India still has a long way to go to achieve the open defecation-free status. Since the promise made by the Centre headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to build toilets in rural areas in 2014, nothing much has changed on the ground.

The target of constructing a toilet every two seconds to reach the figure of 113 million toilets in four years still persists. On the occasion of World Toilet Day, Down To Earth has analysed the current dismal situation.

According to calculation, (see table 1) till 2014 the country needed to construct 35 toilets in one minute whereas now the figure has increased to 41 toilets per minute. If the pace remains like this, the final target would be met in 2035 instead of 2019 (see table 2).

Number of rural households without toilets (according to the 2011 census)-113 million Toilets constructed from 2011-12 to 2014-15 (till October)-19.4 million Toilets constructed from 2011-12 to 2015-16 (till October)-28.3 million Number of toilets to be constructed in the next four years-84.7 million Number of toilets to be constructed in one year–21.2 million Number of toilets to be constructed in a day–58,082 Number of toilets to be constructed in an hour-2,420 Number of toilets to be constructed in a second-0.68

This year, the government claimed to have constructed around 8.9 million toilets. The number is more than when compared to previous years, but it is still way behind the target of constructing 18.8 million toilets by 2019. The Modi government has already missed the 100-day target of constructing one toilet per second.

In comparison to last year, the pace of construction has increased, but it is not encouraging. Last year, the target was to construct 18.8 million toilets by 2019. This year, the target has increased to 21.2 million per year. 

See infographic on the state of toilets

The UPA government had targeted to make India open defecation-free by 2022. After coming to power, the Modi government renamed the scheme (to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan from Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan), reduced the target time by 2019 and cut the budget by 40 per cent.

In the 2015-16 budget, the total allocation announced was Rs 2,850 crore. The budget was reduced from last year's allocation of Rs 4,620 crore.

Earlier, funds were shared between the Centre and the states on a 75:25 ratio, but now stated have to bear more cost (around 50:50). Experts feel that this may lead to states not doing their part citing funds crisis.

Moreover, the government has decided to impose sanitation cess on public which has invited a lot of criticism. 

In last 2011-12 to 2015-16 (till october) -28.3 million In last five  years, the number of toilets constructed -28.3 million The rate of construction of toilets in one year stood at-5.66 million 5.66 million toilets were constructed in a year 113 millions toilets would be constructed in 19.96 years to 20 years The target to make India open defecation-free will be by 2035