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Wednesday, December 03, 2014

Economic and Political Weekly: Table of Contents


Panacea of 'Structural Reforms'

The main commitments of the G-20 leadership, touted at the Brisbane summit, sound utterly hollow.
Editorials
The increasing severity of dengue outbreaks is not being taken seriously.
Commentary
The runaway growth in states of subsidised solar pumps, which provide quality energy at near-zero marginal cost, can pose a bigger threat of groundwater over-exploitation than free power has done so far. The best way to meet this threat is by...
Commentary
The Securities and Exchange Board of India has, in a consultation paper, proposed a framework for regulation of crowdfunding of investment in start-ups, and small and medium enterprises. A critique of SEBI's approach.
Commentary
Dalits constitute over 31% of the population of Punjab, and 42% of the Doaba region. Yet there is no consolidated political force that has emerged to take up their issues. The Bahujan Samaj Party has failed to gain a foothold in the state, mainly...
Commentary
The Bharatiya Janata Party has calculatingly couched their anti-minority slanted race myth in the idea of nationalism, and combined it with a protest against fossilised institutions and political norms. This has helped produce a potent illusion...
Commentary
Two tributes to M S S Pandian - scholar, activist and EPW contributor - who passed away recently in New Delhi.
Commentary
How does one speak about a figure who has in equal measure been lionised, vilified, celebrated, denigrated, by all those whom he wished to influence, convert, contest, teach or quite simply annoy? How, except by admitting that he succeeded in...
Book Reviews
Caste in Contemporary India by Surinder Jodhka (New Delhi: Routledge), 2014; pp xvii + 252, Rs 695 (hardback).
Book Reviews
Ordinary People, Extraordinary Violence: Naxalites and Hindu Extremists in India by Chitralekha (London, New York, New Delhi: Routledge, Taylor and Francis), 2013; pp xxi + 326, Rs 795.
Book Reviews
Developments in the Gulf Region: Prospects and Challenges for India in the Next Two Decades edited by Rumel Dahiya (New Delhi: Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, and Pentagon Press), 2014; pp xxxi + 177, Rs 695.
Book Reviews
Gendered Commodity Chains: Seeing Women's Work and Households in Global Production edited by Wilma A Dunaway (California: Stanford University Press), 2013; pp 312, $29.95.
Perspectives
Recent developments in the University of Delhi suggest that, while there is no coherent national policy on higher education, Indian industry certainly does have a detailed operational blueprint. The university has been targeted for inclusion in...
Review of Urban Affairs / Review Issues
Based on an audit of public toilets in Hyderabad, this article argues that public-private partnership projects seem to have compounded the problems of inequitable spatial distribution and inefficient operation of toilets. They have also failed to...
Review of Urban Affairs / Review Issues
Multiple, overlapping logics of urbanisation are transforming Tamil Nadu's coast. Real estate, infrastructure, tourism, and urban beautification plans are putting unprecedented pressure on the coastal commons. Fisherfolk, whose everyday life...
Review of Urban Affairs / Review Issues
Bengaluru is encircled by a green belt, instituted as an urban growth boundary to contain sprawl, ensure equitable growth, and preserve lung spaces. Urban growth boundaries the world over are typically known to drive land prices higher in the...
Review of Urban Affairs / Review Issues
Many policy experts have pointed out that the lack of capacity in urban local bodies resulted in poor implementation of projects under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission. This paper presents findings from case studies of two...
Review of Urban Affairs / Review Issues
Ratnagiri, a small town on the western coast of Maharashtra, is an important urban settlement in the Konkan region. This article examines the town's uneven spatial and economic development by focusing on the fishing and tourism sectors,...
Special Articles
This paper argues that microfinance in south Asia, like mainstream finance in North America and Europe, "has lost its moral compass". Microfinance institutions have increasingly focused on financial performance and have neglected their...
Special Articles
In 2009, the Government of India requested states to develop State Action Plans on Climate Change. Based on a detailed analysis of five state climate plans, this article finds that climate plans provide an important institutional platform to...
Special Articles
This paper is based on the results of establishing a comprehensive health-sector response to sexual violence. Eliminating existing forensic biases to rape and the neglect of healthcare needs of survivors, the model uses gender-sensitive protocol...
Notes
The Bharatiya Janata Party pulled off a win in Haryana despite never having had a significant support base in the state or projecting a specifi c leader as its chief ministerial candidate. Aided by infighting in the Congress and the ineptness of...
Postscript
A visit to London, home to Sherlock Holmes, Dr John H Watson and the world of detection created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, proved to be an unexpected, not quite elementary, privilege.
Postscript
Thanks to social media, home-based analysts in Pakistan can now serve as public intellectuals.
Postscript
The modernised commodification of yoga is a commercially exploitative affront to an ancient tradition.
Postscript
Some of the “remote corners” of the country, like Aizawl in Mizoram, seem to function as convenient dumping grounds for political rejects.
Web Exclusives
The reactions to the grand jury’s verdict in the Ferguson case has proved that the US government is incapable of understanding the growing resentment against racial divide and inequity in the country. A group of students from St Louis trace...
Reports From the States / Web Exclusives
Unnecessary and often excessive use of force by the government to silence legitimate protests of the adivasis and tribals affected by the Utkal Alumina project in Odisha, makes one wonder about the orientation of the state’s development...
Web Exclusives
If German is a foreign language to millions of Indians, so is Sanskrit and Hindi. An open letter to the Education Minister questions the policy to teach Sanskrit in schools and raises fundamental points on “local” language(s) and...

It’s Einstein’s world that we live in.


Thanksgiving is just around the corner, meaning it’s time to start thinking about things and people you are grateful to. It’s time to sit and celebrate the day of gratitude with Turkey on the table, Tofurkey for vegetarians! 
If you are still wondering whom to thank this Thanksgiving Day, here is a food for your thought that will certainly imbibe you with gratitude towards this great man who started it all.
Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientists in a century dominated by science. The man who made the milestones of the era - bomb, quantum physics, big bang etc.
Without realizing we encounter Albert Einstein in different fields of everyday life. For example, our cars navigate through traffic using GPS, we make purchases in supermarket through a scanner and we use digital cameras to capture memories. Einstein did not make these discoveries, nor did he write any papers stating the practical applications of his theories. But his abstract thoughts on time, light and space time led us to the innovations that seem to be normal today.
Most of us know Einstein either associated with the atom bomb or with his famous equation E=mc^2. But did you know that in 1905, he was the first person to prove the physical existence of atoms. And the mass of atoms contains enormous energy. This theory was indeed an indirect basis of the atomic revolution.
His theories had direct influence on inventions like television, digital camera etc. Thanks to hisSpecial Theory of Relativity that we are able to broadcast sharp images and capture memories today. Electrons inside the television are accelerated and according to the theory of relativity, the mass is increased measurably. If this phenomenon of increasing mass was not taken into consideration electrons would have never exhibited divergence in millimeter range, resulting into blur images.
While all technologies that employ laser beams are based on Einstein’s theories, he was the first to recognize the principle of monochrome and the concept of bundled laser light. All the devices that work on the Global Positioning System or Satellite assisted positioning system are inspired from Einstein’s ideas.
Pieces of equipment which can relay their position with an accuracy of less than 30 meters divergence take into account the effects of relativity on time measurement by atomic clocks when these circle the earth at great speed in satellites.

Even 50 years after his death, his invention and theories have huge influence on our technologies. Where physicists have now begun dreaming of quantum computers, Einstein revolutionized it in 1935 when he discovered that particles can be in different states at the same time. This is the same observation that paved a way for an altogether new area of development called as quantum computers that certainly has revolutionized the 21st century!

He was the embodiment of pure intellect, the bumbling professor with the German accent, a comic cliched shaggy-hairstyle. Let us thank him for the unfathomably profound genius among geniuses who discovered, merely by thinking about it, that the universe was not as it seemed.
Thank you Einstein! 
Dec 03 2014 : The Times of India (Delhi)
Women shine at IIT placements
MumbaiDelhiChennaiKolkataGuwahati:
TIMES NEWS NETWORK


Highest Package Touches Rs 1.42cr; 2 Girls Out Of 5 Get FB Offers
A woman was among three students who bagged the highest package at IIT-Bombay on the first day of the placement season.In fact, two women are among the five students Facebook has hired this year from the campus. This includes those hired during the pre-placement process.At IIT-Kharagpur too, a woman was among the three, who got top deals.Most of the students, who bagged premium packages, are into coding.
Around Rs 1.42 crore was the highest package offered this year to an IIT student. IIT computer science students usually bag top offers. But the number of woman in this field is always less. “This is the main reason why lesser numbers of girls manage to get top deals. This year, we have on ly five girls in the batch and most of them managed a good deal,” said a student, who got a position at San Francisco.
At IIT-Delhi, women have done better this year than 2013. “ About 15-20 women got offers, about a quarter of total number of women in our batch,” said a student, who got an offer from the Deutsche Bank At IIT-Madras, the numbers went up from last year’s 95 on day one to 158 this year, said placement coordinator Babu Vishwanathan. The highest offer made at Madras was around Rs 80 lakh.
At IIT-Roorkee, four students bagged offers from Google, Oracle and Microsoft. At IIT-Bombay, the number of
day one offers went up from 182 to 215 this year. Flipkart dominated the second day of placements at IIT-Madras with 19 offers to the students.
27 companies made 163 offers on day one at IIT-Kharagpur with Rs 42 lakh being the highest offered domestic package. The highest salary offered at IIT-Guwahati was over Rs 74 lakh.
Dec 03 2014 : The Times of India (Delhi)
Communal violence down: Govt data
New Delhi:
TIMES NEWS NETWORK


UP Led The Decline With Number Of Deaths Dipping To One-Third Of 2013 Figure
Uttar Pradesh led a nationwide decline in communal violence until October this year, with incidents in the state down by nearly half and deaths at onethird of the number recorded in 2013. The sharp drop in numbers though can partly be explained by the Muzaffarnagar riots last year which caused more than usual deaths and injuries.UP, which as per data presented by minister of state Kiren Rijiju in the Lok Sabha on Tuesday recorded the highest incidence of communal violence since 2012, witnessed 129 incidents (down from 247 in entire 2013) and 25 deaths (from 77) until October this year. However, the number of those injured due to rioting in the state was 364, still higher than the 360 injured reported in 2013. Ranking behind UP in terms of communal occurrences until October were states like Maharashtra (82 incidents), Karnataka (68), Rajasthan (61), Gujarat (59), Bihar (51) and MP(42).
Delhi, which had registered insignificant levels of communal violence since 2011, witnessed a spike this year with seven incidents, which caused one death and left 101 injured. This is big when compared to the figures of four, three and two incidents that were reported in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively. Fatalities in Delhi were nil over the last three years and injuries at 8, 28 and 1 in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively .
While there was no major difference in incidents of communal violence reported from Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Karnataka and Gujarat as compared to the recent past, Madhya Pradesh, which has traditionally been a close third after Maharashtra in number of flare-ups, showed significant improvement with incidents and nonfatal casualties down by a half as compared to 2013. Kerala too witnessed somewhat of a turnaround, with communal incidents in the southern state down at just three and the injured at 13 from 41 and 65, respectively , in the whole of 2013. Though communal incidents and deaths were around the same levels in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Rajasthan, the number of injured fell significantly to 165, 151 and 116 till October 2014 from 352, 235 and 194 respectively last year.
Nationally , incidents were down from 823 in 2013 to 561 until October this year, while the number of those killed and injured in rioting fell to 90 and 1,688 from 133 and 2,269 last year.
Dec 03 2014 : The Times of India (Delhi)
IIT-B girl bags Rs 1.4-cr FB offer


One of the three students who bagged the highest package of Rs 1.42 crore each offered by Facebook at IIT Bombay on the first day of the placement season is a girl. At IIT Kharagpur, too, a girl is among the three who got the top deals. Most students who bagged premium packages this year are into coding.

Tuesday, December 02, 2014

President of India presents Niryat Shree and NiryatBandhu Awards

New Delhi: President of India, Shri Pranab Mukherjee presented the Niryat Shree and NiryatBandhu Awards instituted by the Federation of Indian Export Organizations for outstanding performance in exports for the year 2010-11 and 2011-12 in New Delhi today (December 1, 2014). 

Speaking on the occasion, The President congratulated all the award winners and said that he was sure their achievements would inspire other exporters also to contribute more vigorously to the economic development of our country by augmenting their export efforts. 

The President said that exports have a very important role to play in our economic growth. Exporters may, however, do well to remember that in today’s fiercely competitive world, their ability to tap new markets, and consolidate their presence in existing markets, is directly dependent on the value proposition they offer to overseas buyers. They must, therefore, ensure that their products are not only reasonably priced but that they also score highly in terms of quality, robustness and durability. For this, it is essential that all of them internalize the mantras of quality consciousness, professionalism in service delivery and complete transparency and fairness in dealings with their trading and business partners. 

The President said that India has done reasonably well in all parameters of socio-economic activity over the last decade. All across, we see a genuine recognition of present day, “emerging India” embarking onto a new era and making its mark on the world stage. We are today the third largest economy in the world in terms of purchasing power parity with our economy growing at an average rate of 7.6 per cent per year from 2004-05 to 2013-14. The international trade to GDP ratio, which was less than 15 per cent in 1991-92, is now close to 42 per cent. Our export sector has done well. From US Dollar 17.9 billion in 1991-92, the value of exports has increased to US Dollar 312.6 billion in 2013-14. The compound average growth rate of our exports during 1991-92 to 2001-02 was 9.4 per cent. This has increased to 17.8 per cent during the period 2001-02 to 2013-14.